Information that 80 to 90% of people are infected with worms, many people present the idea that you need to drink anti -helmintical drugs for preventive purposes.
The human body parasitizes different types of worms, special tests have been developed for their identification.Each diagnostic procedure has a certain percentage of reliability and differs in the characteristics of the conduct.
Blood tests for parasites
The vital activity of parasites in the body causes poorly -not clear etiology.It can be rashes, flatulence, heartburn, nausea, weakness, anemia, joint pain.To clarify the diagnosis, special parasites tests must be done.
How to check if there are parasites in the human body
Parasitic classification in its appearance:
For representatives of some professions (for catering companies, children's institutions), worm egg analysis is required in health book design.Children pass the same analysis after admission to childhood gardens and a nursery or a sports section.
- A classic study on worms that live in the gastrointestinal tract is an analysis of stools and a scraping of the rectum mucosa.
- But there are several options for more effective blood tests for parasites, as intended and according to the method.
Reasons for the delivery of the analysis for parasites
When infected with individual parasites, a person may not feel any symptoms.But over time, the number of helminths increases and the infection begins to manifest.Parasitic tests are required if there are such symptoms:
- abdominal pain of different location, which can occur spontaneously or in palpation;
- itching in the anus that appears at night;
- joint and muscle pain;
- reduced appetite and nausea;
- Increased appetite with abundant salivation;
- intestinal dysbiosis;
- constipation or diarrhea;
- change in stool color;
- increased fatigue;
- dizziness;
- the pallor of the skin;
- insomnia or sleep disorders;
- irritability;
- dermatitis;
- urine incontinence;
- In women, an abundant discharge of the vagina, violations of the menstrual cycle.
The nature of symptoms depends on the type of parasite.Itching and burning in the anal region cause pinine lines.Askarides cause severe allergic reactions as well as abdominal cramps.Lambia, Echinoccos and Bicondumura affect the liver.They are usually the cause of biliary tract obstruction and cholestase (bile stagnation), gallbladder inflammation.Lightweight faces with fat drops are one of the main signs of liver and pancreas pathology.The symptom of the parasitic effect on the liver and gallbladder is pain in the right hypochondrium.
If several of the listed symptoms appear, it is necessary to go to the hospital to identify parasites in the body in time.Regular preventive tests are required for parasites for children, people who live or work with animals.If meat, lard or raw fish, foamy and slightly salty, are consumed regularly for food, the risk of infection is too high.In this case, it is also necessary to be verified regularly to identify parasites.
What tests for parasites there are
There are different reasons that cause the need to do an analysis for helminths.
In this parameter, three types of tests are distinguished:
- Preventive - Required for timely detection of helminthiasis, even in the absence of characteristic symptoms.They are performed on a person's personal initiative or at a medical examination.It is recommended to do this analysis every year, especially for children.
- BARRIER - They are prescribed to minimize the risk of spreading helminthiasis between the population.This is a mandatory analysis that children pass before entering a kindergarten or school, food industry workers, service areas and medical staff to get a medical book.Barrier analysis is provided once a year.
- As prescribed by a doctor, this type of analysis for helminths is prescribed by a doctor in the presence of characteristic symptoms of helminthiasis: nausea, stomach disorders, anus itching, weight loss, abdominal pain, increased fatigue, dizziness.With a single negative result, the analysis must be taken again to ensure its reliability.
Depending on the situation and symptoms, one or more types of tests are prescribed.Let's consider in detail the resources of each.
With a strong weight loss, you should think about the need to conduct analyzes for parasites
Calais Analysis for Worm Eggs
Analysis of parasitic feces, otherwise it is called the co-programming method-which foresees the study of fecal masses under a microscope in order to identify eggs of parasites, their larvae or sexually mature worms.This analysis makes it possible to identify many varieties of worms, but is especially effective for worms that parasitize in the gut.Suitable for the diagnosis of enterobiosis, ascariase, ankylossis, tricocefalosis and other types of infection.
To perform an analysis, you need to have a special sterile bottle.It is issued in a clinic, laboratories or bought at a pharmacy.
So everything is simple:
- It is necessary to fill 1/3 with feces with feces.This should be done before 11h00.Make sure impurities from the third part, for example, blood, drops of other secretions do not fall into the vial as this will negatively display the reliability of the result.
- The filled capacity cap should be tightly closed.It is signed and then packed in a disposable package.
- It is better if the material can be transferred for analysis of 30 to 45 minutes after the collection.It is allowed to store it in the refrigerator, but not more than 8 hours.After this period, the material becomes inappropriate for analysis.
You can find out the results the day after the analysis.But in some laboratories it is done up to 6 days.
The effectiveness of this method is 30 to 35%, as helminths do not lay eggs every night.
Scraping (stain)
Scraping is the most common analysis for enterobiosis, which allows us to identify the presence of worms that parasitize in the gut and place a large number of eggs in the area around the anus, as well as in the perineum area every night.
As children usually suffer from enterobiosis, a child who visits a kindergarten, a school needs to scraping regularly twice a year.Adults also need to do an analysis when the first signs of parasites appear: itching in the anus, bad sleep, worsening appetite, weight loss and irritability.
Analysis Procedure:
- The scraping is taken by a special spatula, available in the pharmacy, or with a common cotton, previously moistened with saline or warm water.They remove a stain from the area around the anus as well as the perineum.Another way is to attach an adhesive tape (tape) to the area around the anus.Delicately removed, it should be glued to the surface of the clean, dry glass.
- The procedure should be performed in the morning, immediately after waking up.Before that, you can't go to the bathroom and wash.You can take a stain on a clinic or at home.
- A stick or spatula, on the surface of which there is a biomass for research, is packed in a dry sterile package.The packaging must be sealed.
- It is necessary to deliver the material to the laboratory for research on the day when taking a stain, is better immediately.If necessary, for a maximum of 5 hours, it can be stored in the refrigerator.
You can find out the results the next day.
If the results of the first analysis were negative, but typical symptoms of enterobiosis are preserved, the procedure should be approved the next day or every day.The maximum effectiveness guarantees 3-4 negative result of the following analyzes.
Blood test
A blood test shows the presence of parasites, because, as a result of their lives, they affect internal organs, mucous membranes, release a large number of toxins.This causes changes in blood composition.When helminths appear, the immune system begins to produce antibodies (immunoglobulin).They can be identified as a result of the study.
The main thing is that a competent decoding of the results is performed, which can only be done by an experienced specialist.
A blood test for parasites determines all its varieties - ascarized, lamblia, flat worms, two waters, trichinella, trematodes.Most of them parasitize in the internal organs: in the liver, lungs, ducts and not in the intestine, so using other tests will not work to identify these types of parasites.
Delivery Procedure Analysis:
- To do the analysis, venous blood is required.It is enough to take 3-5 ml of the elbow vein material.The procedure is performed with an empty stomach, preferably in the morning.
- Experts study the selected blood in the laboratory for specific antibodies, which allow to determine the stage of helminthiasis.
- Decipher the results of the analysis.
Before donating blood, the patient should pass the preparation stage.It starts a week before diagnosis and involves a complete refusal to use antibiotics and other medications, whose composition can negatively affect the accuracy of the result.One day before the analysis, it is worth excluding fatty products, sweets, carbonated beverages and always alcohol from the diet.
The determination of the helmintic invasion is also performed using a general blood test.It is very informative, allows you to identify different types of worms, but the most effective in relation to Pinworms as well as Ascaris.
By deciphering the overall analysis, the following indicators are taken into account:
- Hemoglobin - with damage to the worms, is reduced;
- Leukocytes - When infected with helminths, their concentration is increased.
For analysis, the blood is removed from a vein.Before the procedure, it is important not to eat 8, but better than 12 hours.It is allowed to drink only water.5-7 days before handling, it is necessary to stop taking antibiotics.
Elisa, antibody analysis and immunoglobulin
This analysis is based on the body's immune response, the level of its protective reaction to the invasion of parasites.
- Using Elisa's results, you can determine the presence of helminths in the body and your type.The accuracy of the study is much larger than the analysis of stool.
- The method is based on the calculation of antibodies in the body in one type of parasite, the determination of its connection with strange antigens (immune response) and the enzymatic reaction of the body.
- Anti-antigen antibodies indicate an infection.
- Elisa's blood test is accurate, according to different experts, from 60% to 90%, even at the low invasion level.
- The advantage of the method, besides a high level of precision, is that an immunal function analysis can be monitored by the dynamics of the disease over time.
Polymerase chain reaction (PCR analysis)
The PCR method is one of the most modern and accurate for the diagnosis of blood for the presence of parasites in the body.It consists of detecting traces of DNA and RNA, belonging to parasitic life forms.
- The essence of the polymerase reaction is blood treatment to copy and propagate the DNA, the foreign organism RNA for a concentration that allows them to determine.
Serological blood test
At the same time, analysis is used as a source of information from blood serum.
- Immunogenic antibodies of parasites are investigated.
- The analysis allows you to identify a large number of parasitic forms, but does not allow to determine the invasion stage.
- As the IFA method, serological analysis is indirect for diagnosis.
- If OPD values are high, it is advisable to pass additionally in fecal analysis.
How and where to do parasitic tests
Parasitic tests are required when typical helmintic invasion symptoms appear: digestive problems, astenia, weight loss, dermatological diseases.It is also necessary to go through diagnoses to helminths in situations where a person suffers from a chronic disease for many years, but treatment does not provide the expected result.In many cases, it turns out that the disease is caused not by physiological problems, but by a consequence of worms parasitization.
Before passing the procedure, you need to get a direction from a gastroenterologist, specialist in infectious diseases, proctologist, therapist, surgeon, dermatologist and pediatrician.With this direction, a person goes to the laboratory.After the study of biomaterials, it receives a form of results, which indicates whether helminths are detected in the body.
If the results of the analysis confirmed the presence of worms, it is important to immediately consult a qualified doctor.It can be a specialist or therapist of infectious diseases.When helminthiasis is diagnosed in a child, a pediatrician will help.
To do tests that identify parasites need at least once a year.To submit to diagnoses, it is important to choose a good laboratory, whose experts guarantee the maximum accuracy of results.